Dancing LEDs

A LED sequencer, following the rhythm of music or speech

9V Battery-operated portable unit

Parts:

R1_____________10K   1/4W Resistor
R2,R3__________47K   1/4W Resistors
R4______________1K   1/4W Resistor
R5,R6,R7______100K   1/4W Resistors
R8____________820R   1/4W Resistor

C1,C3_________100nF   63V Ceramic or Polyester Capacitors
C2_____________10µF   50V Electrolytic Capacitor
C4____________330nF   63V Polyester Capacitor (See Notes)
C5____________100µF   25V Electrolytic Capacitor

D1___________1N4148   75V 150mA Diode
D2-D11_________5 or 3mm. LEDs (any type and color)

IC1___________LM358  Low Power Dual Op-amp
IC2____________4017  Decade counter with 10 decoded outputs IC

M1_____________Miniature electret microphone

SW1____________SPST  miniature Slider Switch

B1_______________9V  PP3 Battery

Clip for PP3 Battery

Additional circuit parts (see Notes):

R9,R10_________10K   1/4W Resistors
R11____________56R   1/4W Resistor

D12,D13 etc.____5 or 3mm. LEDs (any type and color)

Q1,Q2_________BC327   45V 800mA PNP Transistors
Q3____________BC337   45V 800mA NPN Transistor

Device purpose: 

The basic circuit illuminates up to ten LEDs in sequence, following the rhythm of music or speech picked-up by a small microphone. The expanded version can drive up to ten strips, formed by up to five LEDs each, at 9V supply.

Circuit operation:

IC1A amplifies about 100 times the audio signal picked-up by the microphone and drives IC1B acting as peak-voltage detector. Its output peaks are synchronous with the peaks of the input signal and clock IC2, a ring decade counter capable of driving up to ten LEDs in sequence.
An additional circuit allows the driving of up to ten strips, made up by five LEDs each (max.), at 9V supply. It is formed by a 10mA constant current source (Q1 & Q2) common to all LED strips and by a switching transistor (Q3), driving a strip obtained from 2 to 5 series-connected LEDs. Therefore one transistor and its Base resistor are required to drive each strip used.

Notes:

• The sensitivity of the circuit can be varied changing R4 value.
• C4 value can be varied from 220 to 470nF in order to change the circuit speed-response to music peaks.
• Adopting the additional circuit, only one item for R10, R11, Q1 and Q2 is required to drive up to ten LED strips. On the contrary, one item of R9 and Q3 is necessary to drive each strip you decided to use.
• Each R9 input must be connected to IC2 output pins, in place of the LEDs D2-D11 shown. R8 must also be omitted.
• Whishing to use a lower number of LEDs or LED strips, pin #15 of IC2 must be disconnected from ground and connected to the first unused output pin. Example:
  if you decided to use 5 LEDs, pin #15 of IC2 must be connected to pin #1; if you decided to use 8 LEDs, pin #15 of IC2 must be connected to pin #9 etc.
• Current drawing of the circuit is about 10mA.
• Whishing to use a wall-plug transformer-supply instead of a 9V battery, you can supply the circuit at 12V, allowing the use of up to 6 LEDs per strip, or at 15V, allowing the use of up to 7 LEDs per strip.
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